The Lost Secret of Personal Essay Samples Management

The Lost Secret of Personal Essay Samples Management Classroom management is a significant component in any educational setting. EssayEdge is the top application essay editing service on earth. Some have been promoted due to their good performance with respect to the tasks assigned to them. Because that endeavor is intimidating, it's often hard to choose where to begin. Your future isn't clear as you don't know whether you'll be accepted to the very first college of your choice, and you must compose few college application essays in addition to everything. If you're looking for assistance with your essay then we provide a comprehensive writing service given by fully qualified academics in your area of study. The secret to all sorts of synthesis is exactly the same. If you're writing a background synthesis, in some instances it might be appropriate that you provide an interpretation of the material or have a position (thesis). For a beginning, the typical application essay topics need you to use language that's absolutely free from language flaws and grammatical mistakes. Because you are interested in getting the essay to communicate the very best information about you, you should do thorough preparation for the sample college admission essays to attain its purposes. A personal essay offers you the prerogative to express in yourself in a way whi ch you are comfortable. You need to be honest with whatever you write in the college application essay. There's a frequent tendency among the applicants to display their GRE vocabulary whilst writing SOP. May be you never considered going for higher studies and because of this you didn't care that much to keep up a greater CGPA. Whatever you say on your SOP, you need to make sure which you are writing specifically and for an objective. Any management essay needs a lot of time and energy. To develop into an actual professional in business management, it is crucial to learn more concerning the vital small business strategies which will help to increase management practices and produce the right skills and abilities. To be a fantastic manager, it's quite important to develop not just effective interpersonal communication skills, but in addition great intuition, which helps to make effective management decisions. Inside my opinion, there are particular personal attributes that would permit an individual to be a prosperous manager within the hospitality market. How to Choose Persona l Essay Samples Management Managers have to put an additional effort to make certain that their businesses stick out in the middle of the high degree of competition. Running any business venture is quite challenging as it entails pooling together the needed resources that in the majority of cases are scarce. Management demands not only one to creative concerning handling the unique risky situation the company venture could be exposed to but also integrity necessary to guarantee decision made are of the very best interest of the company. Business management is important for me because I have a terrific desire to successfully manage people and company projects, and to create effective business-related policies. What You Don't Know About Personal Essay Samples Management Conflict management is now a buzzword in the majority of social disciplines. A great manager need to know how to prevent stressful conditions which might lead to conflicts at work. Thus, a management essay con clusion shouldn't be an issue, but all the above is dependent upon how much research one did. In fact, lots of practices like Sati system and dowry system that were considered traditional in earlier days are taken out of the society once and for all. The Number One Question You Must Ask for Personal Essay Samples Management Your life story may also be regarded as an amazing topic in writing your private essay. All you have to do is specify if you want your essay to be delivered. Bridget's essay is quite strong, but there continue to be a couple little things that could be made better. Ask three unique experts what a personal essay is and you'll probably get three distinct answers. Check all the spellings and make certain there are no grammar mistakes. It's possible for you to access the writer who's writing your essay directly so that you may make any correction. In the debut, a writer is anticipated to provide a succinct summary of the topic available. Don't just write something because it's only you believe that it will impress the admission committee. Statement of Purpose is among the hardest thing that you'll ever write if you apply to graduate school. Working and writing my lab report proved to be a big hurdle, since the latter was due in a couple of weeks. First things first, You will want to choose what type of information to have in your disclaimer. Definitions of Personal Essay Samples Management Clients are the absolute most important portion of our work. People were pleased with the results and all the knowledge that we acquired and could ap ply it in different fields. Customer service is going to be the direct link to the best target of customer satisfaction. All you have to do is enter our site and produce a purchase. How to Choose Personal Essay Samples Management Knowing yourself is the best weapon you could have in your arsenal. You won't ever get bored in the plan of writing because it is similar to ranting all your thoughts in a scholarly and intellectual method. Frequently, the story will appear to get no true point. All the power on earth lies within each and each one of us.

The Great Debate The Two Visions Of Advancement For...

HISTORY 4070, DR JAMES BEEBY The Great Debate: The Two Visions of Advancement for African-Americans during the Progressive Era Dominique Harney 12/2/2014 Dominique Harney Hist 4050 Dr. Beeby The Great Debate: The Two Visions of Advancement for African-Americans during the Progressive Era The United States saw many debates regarding African-Americans in the late 19th century, debates on whether they could be seen as equal citizens, debates on whether they should be allowed the rights granted to white Americans, etc. Although all of these debates garner importance, the biggest debate may have come between two men who both advocated a different plan to uplift the African-American race as a whole. The two players in this debate†¦show more content†¦They had different ideas on how to fix the problem that African-Americans faced while living in white America. The negro problem at the time resulted from the exclusion of the negro from the group life of American society. This problem was caused by the racial prejudice that the negro faced at the time, prejudice in all aspects of American life (cultural, socially, economically, and education). The two men saw that the on ly way to resolve this problem was by addressing them head on; so that African-Americans could later go on to integrate with their fellow American citizens and live regular lives. The debate split African-Americans on which vision to follow, the submissive and conservative of Washington or the aggressive and straight forward vision of Dubois. The importance of these two leaders to African-American history are unparallel. When analyzing the debate regarding the problem, I feel it is useful to examine the sides taken by each player regarding the economic, social, and political conditions facing the negro at the time and how they felt it could be improved for future generations. Through analysis a vision will be constructed using the two players arguments on what one may believe would be have made a perfect unison vision for the African-American race at the time. Before the arguments are made for each side regarding on how to uplift the African-American race one must know the historic al context of the time. African-Americans had just been

Managing Organizations Performance Review

Question: Discuss about theManaging Organizationsfor Performance Review. Answer: Introduction Working in the group has been a tremendous experience I have observed. However, there have been several areas that I have found needs to be reviewed. Some members of the group have core knowledge regarding issue of organizational commitment and its impact on the human resource management. They have contributed to the assignment providing the group with adequate as well as relevant information. More specifically, the organizational commitment and its role in organizational performance have been conducted in the introductory part of the report. The introductory part of the report has been solid as well as relevant aspect, as this area well discusses the organizational commitment that employee has towards the organization. The employee commitment towards the company is the policy that is made by the human resource management of the organization (Albdour and Altarawneh 2014). Thus, it can be added that introductory part of the report demonstrates the link between organizational commitmen t and human resource management. However, the introductory section of the report would have been more relevant if the discussion on the commitment model has later been discussed rather than placing them on the top of the discussion. This is because the introduction section of the report should revolve around the variables and its importance in the study. However, next section of the report which presents the discussion on the importance of HRM model to deal with the organizational commitment. This section of the report would have been more relevant and intensive, had the real-world scenarios been included. Due to lack of relevant data sources, this section of the report has not been developed properly. The section includes certain gaps on the employee commitment towards the organizations and human resource management model. It has been great challenge to show the relations between the HRM model and its use on organizational commitment, as the existing studies only show the how human resources policies can be develop ed to deal with the potential employees and keep them in the grip. The existing studies hardly provide the discussion on how an employee could be motivated to remain loyal to the organization. The next section of the report focuses on the risks that an organization could have to deal with while applying the HRM model to organizational commitment. This section of the report also leaves an evaluative scope for the researcher in future. The section has insisted on the aspects related to human resource management model such as decision making and organizational culture. If the discussion would have been extended to employee appraisal or other such variables associated with HRM policies. Most importantly, it is necessary to include or discuss some real-world issues that organizations are currently facing at the time of applying such model. The real world issues should be linked with the findings found in the existing studies on HRM model and organizational commitment. The issue of group decision making and competency would have been analyzed with some examples. However, the overall discussion on these two variables carry the relevance based on which the report can be further ex tended. Reference List and Bibliography Albdour, A.A. and Altarawneh, I.I., 2014. Employee engagement and organizational commitment: Evidence from Jordan.International Journal of Business,19(2), p.192. Jackson, S.E., Schuler, R.S. and Jiang, K., 2014. An aspirational framework for strategic human resource management.The Academy of Management Annals,8(1), pp.1-56. Li, A., Early, S.F., Mahrer, N.E., Klaristenfeld, J.L. and Gold, J.I., 2014. Group cohesion and organizational commitment: protective factors for nurse residents' job satisfaction, compassion fatigue, compassion satisfaction, and burnout.Journal of Professional Nursing,30(1), pp.89-99.

Thomas Malthuss overpopulation theory Essay Example For Students

Thomas Malthuss overpopulation theory Essay A little over two hundred years ago a man by the name of Thomas Malthus wrote a document entitled An Essay on the Principle of Population which essentially stated that there is an imbalance between our ability to produce food and our ability to produce children. He said human beings are far better at making babies than they are at finding food for survival. His entire essay is based on these two assumptions. First, That food is necessary to the existence of man. And second, that the passion between the sexes is necessary and will remain nearly in its present state. We will write a custom essay on Thomas Malthuss overpopulation theory specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now When taking into account what is said in this essay, it is obvious that his original analysis of population has been proven right. Today, in the twenty-first century, people still rely on food to live and stay healthy, and many people consume more food than ever before, especially here in the United States. In addition, the natural attractions between men and women exist more so today than they did in Malthuss time. When discussing the issue of population, it is important to note that it is one of the most controversial issues facing the world today. Overpopulation is a major global crisis because of a number of reasons. Most of the problems we have today, such as ocean depletion, water shortages, water pollution, food shortages, global warming, and air pollution are the effects of overpopulation. The more people there are, the more resources consumed and the more waste created. A child born today in the United States for instance will produce fifty-two tons of garbage and consume 11 million gallons of water by the age of seventy-five. Freshwater, drinkable water is the most critical natural resource to humans. As time goes by, the worlds population expands more rapidly, but there is no more freshwater on the Earth than there was two thousand years ago. Overpopulation has also increased industrial development, which contributes to massive urbanization and rising of living standards. The rising in living standards causes people to consume more, which creates more waste and raises life expectancy, which causes more people to live longer and more people to live in the same place, earth. The United Nations projects that the global population, currently at 6 billion, will peak at about 10 billion in the next century and then stabilize or even decline; can our planet support 10 million people? Food production doubled from 1961 to 1994, but there are still people who go hungry. This is because the human population has increased more rapidly than the food production. When Malthus wrote this document 1798, he already predicted that in the future, the population would exceed the amount of food. This is because population grows according to the geometric progression 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and the means of subsistence grow according to the arithmetic progression -1, 2, 3, 4 One of the arguments in malthuss works was his idea that depression did not fall evenly on each of the classes in society. He believed that the poor brought many of these problems to society by procreating with out being able to support a family, and because of that, becoming dependant on others to support them, therefore diminishing the food supply more rapidly. He also assumed that poverty and misery in the lower classes were inevitable and that those people were the majority in every society. He argued that all attempts to lessen poverty and suffering, no matter how well intended and no matter how well thought out, would only worsen things. Malthus thought that the human condition could not be improved for two reasons. First, he believed that people were driven by an avid desire for sexual pleasure. This led to population increases which, if left unchecked, would grow geometrically 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, etc. Second, Malthus believed that as more land was used in cultivation, each new piece of land would be able to grow less and less food then the previous plot of land. For this reason, food production could at best increase in arithmetical proportions 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 etc. .u6834b0b7629c1ab0df4e35f18b3d41e9 , .u6834b0b7629c1ab0df4e35f18b3d41e9 .postImageUrl , .u6834b0b7629c1ab0df4e35f18b3d41e9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6834b0b7629c1ab0df4e35f18b3d41e9 , .u6834b0b7629c1ab0df4e35f18b3d41e9:hover , .u6834b0b7629c1ab0df4e35f18b3d41e9:visited , .u6834b0b7629c1ab0df4e35f18b3d41e9:active { border:0!important; } .u6834b0b7629c1ab0df4e35f18b3d41e9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6834b0b7629c1ab0df4e35f18b3d41e9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6834b0b7629c1ab0df4e35f18b3d41e9:active , .u6834b0b7629c1ab0df4e35f18b3d41e9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6834b0b7629c1ab0df4e35f18b3d41e9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6834b0b7629c1ab0df4e35f18b3d41e9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6834b0b7629c1ab0df4e35f18b3d41e9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6834b0b7629c1ab0df4e35f18b3d41e9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6834b0b7629c1ab0df4e35f18b3d41e9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6834b0b7629c1ab0df4e35f18b3d41e9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6834b0b7629c1ab0df4e35f18b3d41e9 .u6834b0b7629c1ab0df4e35f18b3d41e9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6834b0b7629c1ab0df4e35f18b3d41e9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Foalktales Essay Since population grows more rapidly than the food supply, .

Womens Strike for Equality on August 26, 1970

Women's Strike for Equality on August 26, 1970 The Women’s Strike for Equality was a nationwide demonstration for women’s rights held on August 26, 1970, the 50th anniversary of women’s suffrage. It was described by Time magazine as â€Å"the first big demonstration of the Women’s Liberation movement.†Ã‚  The leadership called the object of the rallies the unfinished business of equality. Organized by NOW The Women’s Strike for Equality was organized by the National Organization for Women (NOW) and its then-president Betty Friedan. At a NOW conference in March 1970, Betty Friedan called for the Strike for Equality, asking women to stop working for a day to draw attention to the prevalent problem of unequal pay for women’s work. She then headed the National Women’s Strike Coalition to organize the protest, which used â€Å"Don’t Iron While the Strike is Hot!† among other slogans. Fifty years after women were granted the right to vote in the United States, feminists were again taking a political message to their government and demanding equality and more political power. The Equal Rights Amendment was being discussed in Congress, and the protesting women warned politicians to pay attention or risk losing their seats in the next election. Nationwide Demonstrations The Women’s Strike for Equality took various forms in more than ninety cities across the United States.  Here are a few examples: New York, home to radical feminist groups such as New York Radical Women and Redstockings, had the largest protest. Tens of thousands marched down Fifth Avenue; others demonstrated at the Statue of Liberty and stopped the stock ticker on Wall Street.  New York City issued a proclamation declaring Equality Day.Los Angeles had a smaller protest, numbering in the hundreds, including women who stood holding a vigil for women’s rights.In Washington D.C., women marched on Connecticut Avenue with a banner that read â€Å"We Demand Equality† and lobbied for the Equal Rights Amendment.  Petitions with more than 1,500 names were presented to the Senate majority leader and minority floor leader.Detroit women who worked at the Detroit Free Press kicked men out of one of their restrooms, protesting the fact that men had two bathrooms while women had one.Women who worked for a New Orleans newspaper ran pictures of the grooms instead of the brides in engagement announcements.Inter national Solidarity: French women marched in Paris, and Dutch women marched at the U.S. embassy in Amsterdam. Nationwide Attention Some people called the demonstrators anti-feminine or even Communist. The Womens Strike for Equality made the front page of national newspapers such as The New York Times, Los Angeles Times, and Chicago Tribune. It was also covered by the three broadcast networks, ABC, CBS, and NBC, which was the pinnacle of extensive television news coverage in 1970.   The Women’s Strike for Equality is often remembered as the first major protest of the Women’s Liberation movement, even though there had been other protests by feminists, some of which also received media attention. The Women’s Strike for Equality was the largest protest for women’s rights at that time. Legacy The next year, Congress passed a resolution declaring August 26  Women’s Equality Day.  Bella Abzug  was inspired by the Womens Strike for Equality to introduce the bill promoting the holiday. Signs of the Times Some articles from the  New York Times  from the time of the demonstrations illustrate some of the context of the Womens Strike for Equality. The  New York Times  featured an article a few days before the August 26 rallies and anniversary titled Liberation Yesterday: The Roots of the Feminist Movement.  Under a photograph of suffragettes [sic] marching down Fifth Avenue, the paper also asked the question: Fifty years ago,  they won the vote. Did they throw victory away?  The article pointed to both the earlier and the then-current feminist movements as rooted in work for civil rights, peace, and radical politics, and noted that the womens movement both times was rooted in recognizing that both black people and women were treated as second-class citizens. Press Coverage In an article on the day of the march, the  Times  noted that Traditional Groups Prefer to Ignore Womens Lib.  The problem for such groups as the Daughters of the American Revolution, the Womens Christian Temperance Union, the League of Women Voters, The Junior League and the Young Womens Christian Association is what attitude to take toward the militant womens liberation movement.   The article included quotes about ridiculous exhibitionists and a band of wild lesbians. The article quoted Mrs. Saul Schary [sic] of the National Council of Women: Theres no discrimination against women like they say there is. Women themselves are just self-limiting. Its in their nature and they shouldnt blame it on society or men. In the kind of paternalistic belittling of the feminist movement and women that feminism criticized, a headline the next day in the  New York Times  noted that Betty Friedan was 20 minutes late for her appearance at the Womens Strike for Equality: Leading Feminist Puts Hairdo Before Strike.  the article also noted what she wore and where shed purchased it, and that he had her hair done at the Vidal Sassoon Salon on Madison Avenue.   She was quoted saying I dont want people to think Womens Lib girls dont care about how they look. We should try to be as pretty as we can. Its good for our self-image and its good politics.  The article noted that The vast majority of women interviewed strongly endorsed the traditional concept of woman as a mother and a homemaker who can, and sometimes even should, supplement these activities with a career or with volunteer work. In yet another article, the  New York Times  asked two women partners in Wall Street firms what they thought of picketing, denouncing men and bra-burning?  Muriel F. Siebert, chairman [sic] of Muriel F. Siebert Co., replied: I like men and I like brassieres. She was also quoted saying Theres no reason to go to college, get married and then stop thinking. People should be able to do what theyre capable of doing and theres no reason why a woman doing the same job as a man should be paid less. This article has been edited by and considerable additional material added by Jone Johnson Lewis.

History of Women on the Supreme Court

History of Women on the Supreme Court Established by Article III of the U.S. Constitution, the Supreme Court of the United States first met on February 2, 1790 and heard its first case in 1792. It would take nearly two centuries another 189 years - - before this august yet single-sex body would more accurately reflect the composition of the nation it presided over with the advent of the courts first female associate justice. In its 220-year history, only four women justices have served on the Supreme Court: Sandra Day OConnor (1981-2005); Ruth Bader Ginsburg (1993-present); Sonia Sotomayor (2009-present) and former U.S. Solicitor General Elena Kagan (2010-present). The latter two, nominated by President Barack Obama, each earned a distinct footnote in history. Confirmed by the U.S. Senate on August 6, 2009, Sotomayor became the first Hispanic on the Supreme Court. When Kagan was confirmed on August 5, 2010, she changed the gender composition of the court as the third woman to serve simultaneously. As of October 2010, the Supreme Court became one-third female for the first time in its history. The Supreme Courts first two women hailed from significantly different ideological backgrounds. The courts first female justice, Sandra Day OConnor, was nominated by a Republican president in 1981 and was regarded as a conservative pick. The second female justice, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, was the choice of a Democratic president in 1993 and widely viewed as liberal. The two women served together until OConnors retirement in 2005. Ginsburg remained as the lone female justice on the Supreme Court until Sonia Sotomayor took the bench in the fall of 2009. Ginsburgs future as a justice remains uncertain; a February 2009 diagnosis of pancreatic cancer suggests she may need to step down if her health worsens. Next page - How a Promise on the Campaign Trail Led to the First Female Justice Although its far from common knowledge, the appointment of the first female justice to the Supreme Court hinged on a pollsters findings and a former beaus support. A Presidents Promise Ronald Reagan biographer Big Pledge, Little Interest One Out of Four She had fewer legal credentials than the other three women on the list. But she had the backing of Supreme Court Justice William Rehnquist (whom shed dated while both were at Stanford Law School) and the endorsement of Arizona Senator Barry Goldwater. Smith liked her as well. As biographer Cannon notes, Mr. Reagan never interviewed anyone else. Next page - Sandra Day OConnor: From Hardscrabble Childhood to Trailblazing Legislator OConnors charm belied the hardscrabble life of her early years. Born March 26, 1930 in El Paso, Texas, OConnor grew up on an isolated ranch in southeastern Arizona without electricity or running water, where cowboys taught her how to rope, ride, shoot, repair fences and drive a pickup. With no school nearby, OConnor went to live with her maternal grandmother in El Paso to attend a private academy for girls, graduating at age 16. OConner credits her grandmothers influence as a factor in her own success. An economics major at Stanford Univerity, she graduated magna cum laude in 1950. Legal Wrangling Led to Law School No Room in the Old Boys Club When the Army drafter her husband she followed him to Frankfurt where she was a civilian lawyer in the Quartermaster Corps. Afterward, they moved to Phoenix, Arizona in 1957, where OConnor again received little interest from established law firms, so she started to start her own with a partner. She also became a mother, giving birth to three sons in six years and only stepping away from her practice after her second son was born. From Mother to Majority Leader Subsequently appointed state senator to fill a vacant seat, she was elected for two more terms and became majority leader - the first woman to do so in any state legislature in the U.S. She moved from the legislative branch to the judicial when she was elected to serve as judge on the Maricopa County Superior Court in 1974. In 1979 she was nominated to the Arizona Court of Appeals and in 1981 to the Supreme Court. Not A Wasted Nomination Her ascension to the highest court in the land also had one small side benefit to women - Mr. Justice, the form of address previously used in the Supreme Court, was amended to the more gender-inclusive single word Justice. Health Concerns Her bout with cancer was an experience she did not publicly discuss for a number of years. Finally, a speech in 1994 revealed her frustration with the attention the diagnosis brought, the ongoing scrutiny of her health and appearance, and the media speculation over the possibility of retirement. A Husbands Illness Next page - Ruth Bader Ginsburg: Confronting Sex Discrimination Personally and Professionally The second woman to serve on the Supreme Court, Ruth Bader Ginsburg was nominated by President Bill Clinton during his first term in office. She was his first appointment to the Court and took her seat on August 10, 1993. She had just turned 60 on March 15 of that year. Motherless Daughter, Sisterless Sibling Caregiver and Law Student what it felt like While in law school, she also raised a preschool daughter and supported her husband throughout his treatment for testicular cancer, attending his classes, taking notes, and even typing papers he dictated to her. When Martin graduated and accepted a job at a New York law firm, she transferred to Columbia. Ginsburg made the law review at both schools shed attended, and graduated at the top of her class from Columbia. Rebuffed Yet Resilient Champion of Womens Rights Second Female Nominated Quiet Strength and Tenacity Health issues have dogged her tenure as a Supreme Court Justice although she has never missed a day on the bench. In 1999 she was treated for colon cancer; a decade later, she underwent surgery for early-stage pancreatic cancer on February 5, 2009. See also - Sonia Sotomayor: Supreme Courts First Hispanic and Third Female Sources:Cannon, Lou. When Ronnie Met Sandy. NYTimes.com, 7 July 2005.Kornblut, Anne E. Personal and Political Concerns in a Closely Held Decision. New York Times, 2 July 2005.Ruth Bader Ginsberg Biography Oyez.com, retrieved 6 March 2009.Sandra Day OConnor BiographyOyez.com, retrieved 22 April 2009.Sandra Day OConnor: The reluctant justice. MSNBC.com, 1 July 2005.The Justices of the Supreme Court Supremecourtus.gov, retrieved 6 March 2009.Times Topics: Ruth Bader Ginsberg NYTimes.com, 5 February 2009.

Fast Food Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Fast Food - Research Paper Example Nonetheless, it does not make it an easy endeavor, as it also requires strategic thinking concerning how to undertake it. There are those that will shy away from it due to high costs incurred at the beginning and those who embrace it simply because there is a constant market. In the same way, consumers have become more aware of health hazards associated with fast food forcing restaurants to come up with healthier options. Outline of Opposing Side The most pressing challenge facing the fast food industry is the fact there is an increasing awareness of health implications of fast foods. Previously, the fast food was the go-to business owing to its cheap aspect in the face of hard economic times. Fast food outlets were able to cash out on such times by offering promotions, discounts and cheap combination meals. At the same time, consumers enjoyed convenience in form of fast deliveries. Presently however, fast food outlets have been faced with challenges stemming from health concerns suc h as the health reform bill passed in 2010 aimed at combating obesity that calls on fast food restaurants with 20 or more outlets to reveal the calorie content of their meals on the menus. This has called for innovation in the industry where restaurants have to look for ways in which they can package their meals in a healthy manner while still making them attractive. This is particularly so with children meals that are usually offered with toys making them more attractive to them; for instance Happy Meals offered by McDonalds. Legislators suggested that such complementary items attracted children to unhealthy meals. Coming up with healthy alternatives costs more and as such restaurants are faced with an uphill task of creating consumer loyalty where for instance consumers will be encouraged to purchase more expensive items after getting them ‘hooked’ on the low-priced ones (â€Å"More than menus†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). Second to health concerns is loss of family tradition as a n effect of dependence on fast food. This comes from the fact that fast foods offer convenience and low priced items at a time when most people are leading hectic lifestyles defined by long working hours and work plus school routines leaving no time for getting home to prepare a meal. Getting a meal has become a matter of picking up the phone and making an order that is then delivered in no time. Traditional family bonding that happened during meals has faded because of this as people eat away from home so dinner conversations that created time for catching up have become a thing of history. Even with expensive meals, many young people are able to afford them, as many are keen on making extra money after school or during school breaks (Hager 5). It has been reported that approximately 25 percent of adults eat at a fast food restaurant where a typical meal comprises of three hamburgers along with four packets of French fries every week. Such meals are considered junk foods, as they a re high in fat and salt and if a soda accompanies them there is high sugar and calorie contents summing up the junk food definition as being low in nutritional benefits. Sugar-sweetened beverages that have over time increased in portions served account for nearly 20 percent of calories consumed by Americans. This is what causes type 2 diabetes and increased body weight where one consumes this continuously without exercising. High saturated fats along with salty meals cause heart disease, blood

Assessment of Chinese culture Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Assessment of Chinese culture - Research Paper Example These cultural aspects included different religious beliefs, eating habits and diverse beliefs towards family planning methods. Through cultural biasness created, the researcher realized that Chinese distance themselves when communicating with other, avoid too many question by keeping silent and have a sense of humor. The researcher recommended nurses to build trusting relationships, advance their medical training programs and learn to communicate effectively in a multicultural environment. Lastly, the conclusion summarized what the researcher discussed under the research topic. Assessment of Chinese Culture Introduction Culture is an essential aspects and it plays significant roles in life of many people across the globe. Chinese culture is one of the oldest cultures that have been studied across the globe. The Chinese culture is dominant in the Eastern Asia whereby tradition, norms and values vary significantly among the provinces. They have different cultural components such as ma rtial arts, music, cuisine and many others. Cultural diversity enriches Chinese, yet it also poses varied challenges for nurses. This is because Chinese have cultural beliefs towards traditional medicines and such beliefs influences them on the way they treat illness and what constitutes good healthcare. They have beliefs on the way a person experiences and respond to pain or when one needs treatment. Nurses work with different people from diverse cultural backgrounds in order to deliver culturally competent healthcare. Therefore, nurses must embrace and understand varied cultural aspects in order to offer their patients culturally acceptable pain management. They should also be aware of the cultural beliefs, values and customs that might influence the patient’s responses to pain. Cultural belief can impact the role of nurses; thus, it is significant for nurses to stereotype patients in regard to cultural aspects. This will help nurses to understand the cultural patterns in o rder to deliver effective services. Thus, the research offers an assessment of Chinese culture and the way these cultural beliefs can impact the role of nurses; thus offering effective recommendations vital for improving nursing care in a multicultural environment. Summary of Chinese Cultural Aspects Chinese have different cultural aspects ranging from lifestyles, health practices, health beliefs and other different cultural aspects. A comprehensive interview was carried out in order to examine the way nurses build their nursing relationship with patients from different cultural areas. The qualitative data were collected through open-ended interviews in order to determine in case cultural lifestyles, health practices and health beliefs among the Chinese impact nursing roles. One man who is an M.D from a private health care organization and well conservative of Chinese culture, but living in America was interviewed. It was found that Chinese have varied health beliefs and practices t hat should be taken into consideration when dealing with Chinese patients. First, it was found that many Chinese avoid direct eye contact when communicating with others. For instance, many Asians consider it being disrespectful when looking at someone directly into the eye and this is likely to impact the roles of nurses in the hospital settings (Sagar, 2011). A Chinese patient may avoid eye

Company background Essay Example for Free

Company background Essay BMW (www. bmw. com) continue maintaining their strong position as one of world’s leader in premium vehicle market besides Daimler-Chrysler, Lexus, and many others. The company established in March 7, 1916 when Bayerische Flugzeug-Werke (BFW) founded. One year later, BFW was renamed to Bayerische Motoren Werke GmbH (BMW) that focused on producing cars and military aircraft at that time. Within several decades in the 20th century, the company performed several acquisitions on Rover and MINI, to name a few. However, the intense competition in automobile industry that becomes more segmented has driven BMW to focus on few brands. Under such circumstances, BMW decided to sell Rover Group in 2000 but still retaining MINI brands in the BMW Group. Therefore, BMW group (www. bmwgroup. com) now has three major brands: BMW, MINI, and Rolls-Royce Motor Cars. The three segments are all in premium cars segment, thus lessen the company’s effort in building brand awareness for their products. Figure 1 BMW Group Website Source: www. bmwgroup. com 1. Business Analysis The Automobile industry is one of the most competitive global industries in the world. This is because automobile companies are generally multinational in nature because they have the need to achieve economies of scale in their production. The automobile industry represents significant portion of GDP in US and Europe. They are considered of significant importance because their existence enables other industries to work. Most automobile markets bring possess significant influence whether in their domestic as well as global markets. Moreover, there is an indication that commencing the end of the 20th century, most of the markets in modern countries are saturated and the new trend of the industry is to find new and developing markets where they can deploy their products. Similarly, automobile manufacturers are tired of facing the cutthroat competition in their markets. The situation drives them to expand their services into Asia-Pacific regions, South East Asia and other developing regions. This strategy becomes the latest trend within the global automobile industry. This generates new trends in automobile designs and their tendencies. Cheaper and fuel-efficient cars are the design of this decade. Concerning the many facets of automobile industry, below is several business analysis tools that assess how the market behave, especially relates to development of premium markets where BMW serves. 3. 1 Strategic group: BCG Matrix As mentioned previously, BMW (Bayerische Motoren Werke) maintains three major brands in their portfolio. Each of them has somewhat similar markets, the premium cars, but the company further determines particular markets that each of the product portfolio serve. This strategy is carried out to avoid unnecessary cannibalism among their products. In order to analyze the performance of each product portfolio in BMW group, we can use BCG Matrix. The matrix is named after the founder, Boston Consulting Group, a well-known global business consulting firm. The basic philosophy of Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Matrix is to assess various Strategic Business Units (SBUs) in a company portfolio. By definition, an SBU is a business unit in a company that has its own missions and objectives. It could be departments, divisions, or subsidiaries. In case of BMW group, the SBUs can be BMW product lines such as BMW 3, 5, 7 series, MINI, and Rolls-Royce Motor Cars. The BCG Growth-Share matrix composes of four quadrants that each describe BMW product lines in relation to market share and market growth rate. The BCG matrix helps BMW to understand each of their product’s life cycle and position in the market better by charting each product in one of the four quadrants. Figure 1 shows the BCG Matrix of an organization: Figure 1 BCG Matrix Source: Tutor2U, 2007 The upper left quadrants in the matrix are stars. Stars are business units or product lines within BMW Group that undergo high growth or have strong position in the market. In other words, stars are business units that have large market shares in a fast growing industry (‘Boston Consulting Box’, 2005). The characteristics of stars are they generate cash and thus revenue for a company. However, as the market for the products grows rapidly, they require extensive investment to maintain their lead. If the strategy is successful, a star will soon become a cash cow when its industry matures. In case of BMW, the stars are their USA division since the marker experience fast growth. In 2003 alone, the USA division records a history since it become the Group’s strongest market with 8. 0% growth or represents the sales of 277,037 units in the 2003. In terms of product line, the stars are BMW 7 series as they continue achieving a growing pattern of sales. In 2003, the sales of BMW 7 series rose 8. 2% compared to previous year. Another star is BMW X5 that record a 4. 6% of growth or represents the sales of 105,554 units. The second quadrant in the lower left is cash cows. It is similar to main sources of revenues/income for a company where it represents a product line(s) that continue exhibiting low-growth businesses or they have a relatively high market share (‘Boston Consulting Box’, 2005). Cash Cow is a business unit that has a large market share in a mature, slow growing industry. Due to the slowing down of market growth, cash cows only need little investment and generate cash that can be used to invest in other business units. In BMW case, the cash cow is the home market, Germany. In the home country, BMW experiences declining trend in which in 2003, it recorded -0. 9% of growth compared to the previous year. Meanwhile, concerning the product lines, the cash cows are BMW 3 series and 5 series. The BMW 3 series, for example, have many models that all of them continue showing declining sales volume. The sales of BMW 3 series Limousine, for instances, decline by 5. 9% compared to 2002. Similarly, the sales of BMW 5 series also plummets by -23. 5% compared to the previous year sales volume. In the upper right of the matrix lie question marks. It represents BMW product line(s) that exhibit low market share but operate in higher growth markets (‘Boston Consulting Box’, 2005). These business units require resources to grow market share, but whether they will succeed and become stars is unknown or potentially less likely. The last quadrant is Dogs. They are BMW’s products lines that have low relative market share in unattractive, low-growth markets (‘Boston Consulting Box’, 2005). It means that dog is a business unit that has a small market shares in a matured industry. A dog may not require substantial cash, but it ties up capital that could better be deployed elsewhere. If a dog has no other strategic purpose, it had better to liquidate the product lines since the product lines have little opportunities to gain market share. Based on the above analysis, we can decide which BMW brands belongs to quadrants in BCG Matrix as following.

The Conflict in The Eumenides of The Oresteia Essay -- Aeschylus Orest

The Conflict in The Eumenides of The Oresteia  Ã‚   In The Eumenides, the third book of The Oresteia, there exists a strong rivalry between the Furies and the god Apollo; from the moment of their first confrontation in Apollo’s temple at Delphi, it is clear that the god and the spirits are opposing forces. Their actions bring them into direct conflict, and both of them are stubbornly set on achieving their respective goals while at the same time interfering with or preventing the actions of the other. There is also considerable personal animosity between Apollo and the Furies, especially from the former toward the latter. Because of the differences between the respective ideals they stand for, their personal conflict is as intense as that brought about by their actions. The nature of the rivalry is ironic because they possess ideals that are very similar in some respects; both seek to establish order and justice in the world (although they have separate and very different conceptions of order and justice), and, therefore, they are striving for the same goals, yet neither realizes this truth.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Apollo and the Furies despise each other because their actions and even their very natures are diametrically opposed. In this play, Aeschylus depicts Apollo as a noble and virtuous figure, based on two traits for which the god is well known: an interest in peace and justice, and a tendency to passionately defend from harm individuals or groups of people who worship him. It is worth noting that The Eumenides is not the only incidence of Apollo protecting someone from the Furies; there exists a remarkably similar Greek legend in which Apollo commands a character named Alcmaeon to kill his mother (Grant 139), who had arranged for her ... ...ries. Each is determined to achieve his/their goal while blocking the actions of the other. Their respective natures, in addition to their actions, also breed a strong mutual contempt between them. The play depicts Apollo as a seeker of peace and justice, and more importantly, as a defender of the weak, while the Furies are seemingly his antithesis--primitive creatures which incite murder and foment chaos within the Atreus family. However, the god and the spirits are also similar in that they wish to establish order in the world by ensuring justice for the mortals they patronize although their conceptions of justice and order are quite different, and this leads to the irony that they work to defeat each other without ever recognizing that there is a common bond between them. Works Cited: Aeschylus. Oresteia. Trans. Peter Meineck. Indianapolis: Hackett, 1998.

Master Budget Preparation

(Master budget preparation) Sopchoppy Company manufactures a red industrial dye. The company is preparing its 2000 master budget and has presented you with the following information. 1. The December 31, 1999, balance sheet for the company is shown below. SOPCHOPPY COMPANY Balance Sheet December 31, 1999 AssetsLiabilities and Stockholders’ Equity Cash $ 5,080 Notes Payable $ 25,000 Accounts Receivable 26,500 Accounts Payable 2,148 Raw Materials Inventory 800 Dividends Payable 10,000 Finished Goods Inventory 2,104 Total Liabilities $ 37,148 Prepaid Insurance 1,200 Common Stock $100,000Building $300,000 Paid-in Capital 50,000 Accumulated Depreciation (20,000) 280,000 Retained Earnings 128,536 278,536 Total Liabilities and Total Assets $315,684 Stockholders’ Equity $315,684 2. The Accounts Receivable balance at 12/31/99 represents the remaining balances of November and December credit sales. Sales were $70,000 and $65,000, respectively, 3. Estimated sales in gallons of dye for January through May 2000 are shown below. January 8,000February 10,000 March 15,000 April 12,000 May 11,000 Each gallon of dye sells for $12. 4. The collection pattern for accounts receivable is as follows: 70 percent in the month of sale; 20 percent in the first month after the sale; 10 percent in the second month after the sale. Sopchoppy expects no bad debts and no customers are given cash discounts. 5. Each gallon of dye has the following standard quantities and costs for direct materials and direct labor: 1. 2 gallons of direct material (some evaporation occurs during processing) @ $0. 80 per gallon $0. 6 1/2 hour of direct labor @ $6 per hour 3. 00 Variable overhead is applied to the product on a machine-hour basis. It takes 5 hours of machine time to process 1 gallon of dye. The variable overhead rate is $0. 06 per machine hour; VOH consists entirely of utility costs. Total annual fixed overhead is $120,000; it is applied at $1. 00 per gallon based on an expected annual capacity of 120,000 gallons. Fixed overhead per year is composed of the following costs: Salaries $78,000 Utilities 12,000 Insurance—factory 2,400 Depreciation—factory 27,600Fixed overhead is incurred evenly throughout the year. 6. There is no beginning inventory of Work in Process. All work in process is completed in the period in which it is started. Raw Materials Inventory at the beginning of the year consists of 1,000 gallons of direct material at a standard cost of $0. 80 per gallon. There are 400 gallons of dye in Finished Goods Inventory at the beginning of the year carried at a standard cost of $5. 26 per gallon: Direct Material, $0. 96; Direct Labor, $3. 00; Variable Overhead, $0. 30; and Fixed Overhead, $1. 00. 7.Accounts Payable relates solely to raw material. Accounts Payable are paid 60 percent in the month of purchase and 40 percent in the month after purchase. No discounts are given for prompt payment. 8. The dividend will be paid in January 2000. 9. A n ew piece of equipment costing $9,000 will be purchased on March 1, 2000. Payment of 80 percent will be made in March and 20 percent in April. The equipment will have no salvage value and has a useful life of three years. 10. The note payable has a 12 percent interest rate; interest is paid at the end of each month.The principal of the note is paid off as cash is available to do so. 11. Sopchoppy’s management has set minimum cash balance at $5,000. 12. The ending Finished Goods Inventory should be 5 percent of the next month’s needs. This is not true at the beginning of 2000 due to a miscalculation in sales for December. The ending inventory of raw materials should be 5 percent of the next month’s needs. 13. Selling and administrative costs per month are budgeted to be 30 percent of each month’s sales. Of that amount, 50 percent is depreciation.These costs are paid in cash as they are incurred. 14. Prepare a master budget for each month of the first quarte r of 2000. a. sales budget with expected cash collections, including the accounts receivable for the next quarter b. production budget c. purchase budget with expected cash payments, including the accounts payable for the next quarter d. direct labor budget e. manufacturing overhead budget f. finished goods ending inventory budget g. selling and administrative budget h. cash budget i. balance sheet j. income statement

Peace †from what source.? Essay

On 28 June 1914 a hand grenade was rolled beneath a car travelling in a motorcade in the city of Sarajevo in Yugoslavia. The grenade missed its intended target and exploded beneath the following car, injuring several people. The first car continued on its way and the occupants attended a welcome ceremony at the Sarajevo Town Hall. Just a short time later, the VIPs from the first car decided to visit the injured ones who had been taken to the local hospital. On the way there the car stalled, this provided an opportunity for another assassin to shoot and kill the Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, the Heir to the Austrian Empire and his wife Sophie. These assassinations began a short series of events that led to the start of the Great War – now more commonly called World War 1. This war was so named because it involved countries right around the world. Although centred on Europe, the effects of the War were felt around the world, in fact every inhabited continent had countries involved. The First World War is recognized as a turning point in History. It was the first war where major technological advances contributed to huge casualties. The use of tanks – planes – submarines – huge fighting ships and deadly gas all provided evidence that the modern weapons of War were now so destructive. The devastating effects of World War 1 brought great attention to the  question of global peace. For the first time in history it is recognized that wars between Nations can involve and affect inhabitants of the entire earth. This destructive threat to world peace was continued in the Second World War. Powerful weapons were developed that culminated in the ultimate weapon – the Nuclear bomb. The nuclear bomb has also spawned another close relative. The so-called â€Å"dirty bomb†. This is a deadly device that can spread radiation or a toxic bacteria over thousands of kilometers perhaps killing millions at once – a terrible weapon of war. But it’s not just nations at war that can use these weapons. Terrorists have now become a huge threat to worldwide peace – and the terrifying fact that just one bomb can kill millions of people has awakened an awareness that Global Peace is imperative for the continued future of mankind. The American Historian and Writer Arthur Schlesinger makes a point about the changing nature of the threat to world peace. He wrote at the turn of the last century; â€Å"One set of hatreds replaces another. Lifting the iron grip of ideological repression in Eastern Europe and the ex-Soviet Union releases pent-up ethnic, nationalist, religious, and linguistic antagonisms deeply rooted in history and in memory. . . . If the 20th century has been the century of the warfare of ideologies, the 21st century begins as the century of the warfare of ethnicities.† The respected magazine †The Atlantic Monthly† summarises its forecasts for the decades to come; â€Å"Nations break up under the tidal flow of refugees from environmental and  social disaster. . . . Wars are fought over scarce resources, especially water, and war itself becomes continuous with crime, as armed bands of stateless marauders clash with the private security forces of the elites.† Nations or terrorists don’t even need a deadly weapon or vial of bacteria to start an apocalyptic style confrontation anymore. All that’s required is one of these†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ and malicious software designed to disrupt Yes – cyber-tage can start a global war. In fact special malware has already been used by Governments to disrupt vital electronics facilities of rival nations. Governments have even proudly acknowledged their use of this type of sabotage. We could discuss the weapons and means that threaten worldwide peace for a long time. We all know these threats are real and as they say, present. But what about our efforts to curb or even eliminate all threats to peace? What are the measures and steps that have been taken by Governments and Organisations? To eliminate conflicts and bring word peace? 5.00 2 GLOBAL PEACE NOT ATTAINABLE THROUGH HUMAN EFFORTS What has been noted by Historians and scholars has been the effect of WW1 on World Peace. Since the end of that war there has been numerous attempts by mankind to put in place systems to prevent conflicts and ensure we can live in a worldwide peace. Yet can anyone say we live in a peaceful world? Well no we do not. Is it because mankind has lacked effort in trying to make a lasting Peace? Perhaps we can examine efforts to create a worldwide peace but before we do so lets just see what the Bible has to say about man controlling his own  destiny. If we can turn to Jeremiah 10:23 Another scripture we can examine echoes this theme Ecclesiastes 8:9 So we can see that the Bible questions the ability of humans to control their own destiny. Well these words were written thousands of years ago – so what has History proven about our ability to bring about worldwide peaceful conditions for mankind. Modern History is littered with Treaties and Peace Agreements†¦ yet we still live in a World dominated by unrest, conflict and †¦.war. The Treaty of Versailles was the first treaty signed after the end of the First World War and it was a peace settlement between the main combatants in that war. The Treaty though had contentious and controversial points and the politicians of the day knew they urgently needed something else– anything – to bring stability to the world. The League of Nations was then created in1919. The Leagues’ task was simple – to ensure that war never broke out again. The League of Nations was the first international organization whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. Its primary goals, as stated in its Covenant, was to prevent wars through collective security and disarmament, and settle international disputes through negotiation and arbitration. The League was also tasked with improving labour conditions, ensuring just treatment of native inhabitants, preventing human and drug trafficking  slowing the arms trade, promoting global health, protecting prisoners of war, and the protection of minorities in Europe And after the turmoil caused by the Versailles Treaty, many looked to the League to bring stability to the world. However the League of Nations was unable to bring peace to the world. During its existence, there were wars between Russia and Poland, wars between the Baltic States, between Italy and Albania and then of course the League could not prevent the Second World War. Between the two Great Wars political alliances were made and broken, Peace agreements were made †¦. then broken, treaties weren’t worth the paper they were written on. So one could say the League failed to achieve it’s adjectives. No-one could dispute that The Italian Dictator Benito Mussolini said of the League of Nations†¦.. that †¦.†the League is very well when sparrows shout, but no good at all when eagles fall out.† That is – it was toothless when it came to making big decisions, especially between nations on the verge of war. Following WW2 and the failure of the League of Nations there was again a call for an organisation that could assure world peace†¦. And so the new organisation the United Nations was born in October 1945. I’d just like to take a moment to read from The UN’s charter. The Purposes of the United Nations are: To maintain international peace and security, and to that end: to take effective collective measures for the prevention and removal of threats to the peace, and for the suppression of acts of aggression or other breaches of the peace, and to bring about by peaceful means, and in conformity with the principles of justice and international law, adjustment or settlement of international disputes or situations which might lead to a breach of the peace; To develop friendly relations among nations based on respect for the principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples, and to take other appropriate measures to strengthen universal peace; To achieve  international co-operation in solving international problems of an economic, social, cultural, or humanitarian character, and in promoting and encouraging respect for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion; and To be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nati ons in the attainment of these common ends. What about the founders and leaders in the United Nations? What is their take on how successful the organisation has been for global peace? The UN recently celebrated a major anniversary of over 50 years of existence on the UN. One leading Member the president of Finland had this to say; â€Å"Do we live today in a better world than we did 40 years ago? Is there now less violence and warfare? Is there less human suffering in the world? Do the nations feel more secure and confident in their future?† An Online encyclopedia has this to say about the UN: Criticism of the United Nations has been ideologically diverse, although much of it is focused on the UN’s †¦.. inability to handle international conflicts, even on a small scale In 2004, former ambassador to the UN Dore Gold published a book called Tower of Babble: How the United Nations Has Fueled Global Chaos. The book criticized what it called the organization’s moral relativism in the face of (and occasional support of) genocide and terrorism that occurred between the moral clarity of its founding period and the present day. While the UN during its founding period was limited to those nations that declared war on at least one of the Axis powers of World War II, and thus were capable of taking a stand against evil, the modern United Nations has, according to Gold, become diluted to the point where only 75 of the 184 member states during the time of the book’s publication â€Å"were free democracies, according to Freedom House.† He further claimed that this had the effect of tipping the scales of the UN so that the organization as a whole was more amenable to the requirements of dictatorships. The UN General Assembly decided to hold a moment of silence in honor of North Korean dictator Kim Jong-il following his death in 2011. Western diplomats criticized the decision. â€Å"An  official at the Czech Republic’s UN mission said the Czechs did not request a similar moment of silence for Vaclav Havel, the playwright-turned-dissident who died† a day after Kim Even organisised crime has cause great concern in the corridors of Power of the the United Nations Evidence is now mounting that criminal groups are spreading their influence worldwide. For years organized crime, with its â€Å"crime families,† has had its links between Italy and the United States. But now UN Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali has warned that â€Å"organized crime on a transnational scale . . . scoffs at frontiers and becomes a universal force.† He said: â€Å"In Europe, in Asia, in Africa and in America, the forces of darkness are at work and no society is spared.† He also said that â€Å"transnational crime . . . undermines the very foundations of the international democratic order. It poisons the business climate, corrupts political leaders and undermines human rights. It can’t be denied that that the UN has failed in It’s primary objective to attain world peace. It fact many true Christians feel as the prophet Jeremiah wrote thousands of years age†¦ Jeremiah 8:15 a hoping for peace, but no good [came];+ for a time of healing, but, look! terror!+ Jeremiah wrote about the failure of peace in Judah but his prophetic words for his people then still ring true today. Why would that be so ?†¦ a hoping for peace, but no good [came];+ for a time of healing, but, look! terror!+ We are intelligent beings†¦.we seem to have a natural inclination to – on the whole- help those less fortunate than ourselves so why and where have we failed over the thousands of years? Did you know the Bible has the answer for mankind’s failure to bring about world peace? Let’s turn to a very salient scripture that really is at the heart of our discussion today. We can find this scripture at 1 John 5:19 19 We know we originate with God,+ but the whole world is lying in the [power of the] wicked one.+ So what does that mean? It means that Satan is in control of this world and has been since 1914, this control that Satan has can be elaborated upon in another discussion but Bible prophecy has indicated that since the year 1914 – and not coincidently when WW1 broke out – Satan has overseen the degrading and peaceless world conditions we witness today. Surely you say though that not all can be fooled. There are plenty of intelligent men and women who trust in the power of man to bring about world peace? We looked at some politicians statements..what about some religious leaders? The Catholic Pope. Leader of millions of catholics around the world, how does he and his predecessors view the UN as a tool for peace. Well as far bac as 1965, after Pope Paul VI visited the United Nations, to read that he had said he had said: â€Å"The peoples of earth turn to the United Nations as the last hope of concord and peace† And more recently the current Catholic pope visited the UN and said Well recently the Pope put all his support behind a solution to peace initialled by the UN Recent quote from this year: The Vatican said the discussions referred to the November 29 UN vote upgrading the Palestinians to the same status as the Holy See: non-member state observer.†¨The Vatican had warmly welcomed the vote, and a Vatican statement said â€Å"it is hoped that this initiative will encourage the commitment of the international community to finding a fair and lasting  solution† to the conflict. The 193-nation General Assembly overwhelmingly approved a resolution to upgrade the Palestinian Authority’s observer status at the United Nations from â€Å"entity† to â€Å"non-member state,† the same status as the Vatican. The Vatican welcomed the resolution, which amounted to an implicit recognition of a Palestinian state. So though decades of failures the major co-called Christian church in the world still puts its faith in a flawed man-made organisation. Even the Dalai Lama, the spiritual leader of millions of Tibetans, mainly respected around the world, – how does he think world wide peace will come about Well he too is a supporter of the UN but he also makes an interesting point; He recently said; global peace starts with personal peace. We can start eliminating conflict if we work to eliminate anger and hatred as well as other negative emotions within ourselves. By cultivating peace within ourselves, in our families, in the community, we contribute to world peace. ..and that is true isn’t it. Although his trust remains with the UN he recognizes that if we do not have peace within our family, – within our community – or within our town – then how can man achieve global peace? Again it’s time to turn to the Bible our one constant of wisdom that hasn’t changed over the centuries. In this case lets turn to a scripture many Jehovah’s Witnesses are familiar with; 2 Corinthians 4:4 4 among whom the god* of this system of things*+ has blinded the minds* of the unbelievers,+ that the illumination*+ of the glorious good news+ about the Christ,* who is the image+ of God, might not shine through.+ That is really a statement that holds true today just as much as it was written thousands of years go. Satan – Jehovah’s Adversary – a spiritual creature that is now in his role as the God of This System – has actively blinded the minds of imperfect humans. In fact his role was also predicted many years ago – even from the first century ce . Revelation 12:9 9 So down the great dragon+ was hurled, the original serpent,+ the one called Devil+ and Satan,+ who is misleading the entire inhabited earth;*+ he was hurled down to the earth,+ and his angels were hurled down with him. We don’t have time to discuss the reasons why Satan has been allowed by Jehovah to continue to mislead mankind – that’s for another discussion – but the fact is Jehovah’s wisdom and law allowed a time period for Satan to challenge God’s Sovereignty. If God then has allowed this why doesn’t he intervene so save His followers from man-made destruction? Well we can be assured that Jehovah has provided a contingency plan. And this is through His Kingdom rule.

Invasion of Italy (Salerno) in World War II

Invasion of Italy (Salerno) in World War II The Allied invasion of Italy took place September 3-16, 1943, during World War II (1939-1945). Having driven German and Italian troops from North Africa and Sicily, the Allies decided to invade Italy in September 1943. Landing in Calabria and south of Salerno, British and American forces pushed inland. The fighting around Salerno proved particularly fierce and ended when British forces from Calabria arrived. Defeated around the beaches, the Germans withdrew north to the Volturno Line. The invasion opened a second front in Europe and helped take pressure off Soviet forces in the east. Fast Facts: Invasion of Italy Dates: September 3-16, 1943, during World War II (1939-1945).Allies Armies and Commanders: General Sir Harold Alexander, General Sir Bernard Montgomery, and Lieutenant General Mark Clark; 189,000 men.Axis Armies and Commanders: Field Marshal Albert Kesselring and Colonel General Heinrich von Vietinghoff; 100,000 men. Sicily With the conclusion of the campaign in North Africa in the late spring of 1943, Allied planners began looking north across the Mediterranean. Though American leaders such as General George C. Marshall favored moving forward with an invasion of France, his British counterparts desired a strike against southern Europe. Prime Minister Winston Churchill ardently advocated for attacking through what he termed the soft underbelly of Europe as he believed that Italy could be knocked out of the war and the Mediterranean opened to Allied shipping.  Ã‚   As it became increasingly clear that resources were not available for a cross-Channel operation in 1943, President Franklin Roosevelt agreed to the invasion of Sicily. Landing in July, American and British forces came ashore near Gela and south of Syracuse. Pushing inland, the troops of Lieutenant General George S. Pattons Seventh Army and General Sir Bernard Montgomerys Eighth Army pushed back the Axis defenders.   Next Steps These efforts resulted in a successful campaign which led to the overthrow of Italian leader Benito Mussolini  in late July 1943. With operations in Sicily coming to close in mid-August, the Allied leadership renewed discussions regarding an invasion of Italy. Though the Americans remained reluctant, Roosevelt understood the need to continue engaging the enemy to relieve Axis pressure on the Soviet Union until landings in northwest Europe could move forward. Also, as the Italians had approached the Allies with peace overtures, it was hoped that much of the country could be occupied before German troops arrived in large numbers. Prior to the campaign in Sicily, Allied plans foresaw a limited invasion of Italy that would be restricted to the southern part of the peninsula. With the collapse of Mussolinis government, more ambitious operations were considered. In assessing options for invading Italy, the Americans initially hoped to come ashore in the northern part of the country, but the range of Allied fighters limited potential landing areas to the Volturno river basin and the beaches around Salerno. Though further south, Salerno was chosen due to its calmer surf conditions, proximity to to Allied airbases, and existing road network beyond the beaches. Operation Baytown Planning for the invasion fell to Supreme Allied Commander in the Mediterranean, General Dwight D. Eisenhower, and the commander of the 15th Army Group, General Sir Harold Alexander. Working on a compressed schedule, their staffs at Allied Force Headquarters devised two operations, Baytown and Avalanche, which called for landings in Calabria and Salerno respectively. Assigned to Montgomerys Eighth Army, Baytown was scheduled for September 3. It was hoped that these landings would draw German forces south allowing them to be trapped in southern Italy by the later Avalanche landings on September 9 and also had the benefit of the landing craft being able to depart directly from Sicily. Not believing that the Germans would give battle in Calabria, Montgomery came to oppose Operation Baytown as he felt that it placed his men too far from the main landings at Salerno. As events unfolded, Montgomery was proved correct and his men were forced to march 300 miles against minimal resistance to the reach the fighting. Operation Avalanche Execution of Operation Avalanche fell to Lieutenant General Mark Clarks US Fifth Army which was comprised of Major General Ernest Dawleys US VI Corps and Lieutenant General Richard McCreerys British X Corps. Tasked with seizing Naples and driving across to the east coast to cut off enemy forces to the south, Operation Avalanche called for landing on a broad, 35-mile front to the south of Salerno. Responsibility for the initial landings fell to the British 46th and 56th Divisions in the north and the US 36th Infantry Division in the south. The British and American positions were separated by the Sele River. Supporting the invasions left flank was a force of US Army Rangers and British Commandoes which were given the objective of securing the mountain passes on the Sorrento Peninsula and blocking German reinforcements from Naples. Prior to the invasion, extensive thought was given to a variety of supporting airborne operations utilizing the US 82nd Airborne Division. These included employing glider troops to secure the passes on the Sorrento Peninsula as well as a full-division effort to capture the crossings over the Volturno River. Each of these operations were deemed either unnecessary or unsupportable and were dismissed. As a result, the 82nd was placed in reserve. At sea, the invasion would would be supported by a total of 627 vessels under the command of Vice Admiral Henry K. Hewitt, a veteran of both the North Africa and Sicily landings. Though achieving surprise was unlikely, Clark made no provision for a pre-invasion naval bombardment despite evidence from the Pacific which suggested this was required (Map). German Preparations With the collapse of Italy, the Germans commenced plans for defending the peninsula. In the north, Army Group B, under Field Marshal Erwin Rommel assumed responsibility as far south as Pisa. Below this point, Field Marshal Albert Kesselrings Army Command South was tasked with halting the Allies. Kesselrings primary field formation, Colonel General Heinrich von Vietinghoffs Tenth Army, consisting of XIV Panzer Corps and LXXVI Panzer Corps, came online on August 22 and began moving to defensive positions. Not believing that any enemy landings in Calabria or other areas in the south would be the be main Allied effort, Kesselring left these areas lightly defended and directed troops to delay any advances by destroying bridges and blocking roads. This task largely fell to General Traugott Herrs LXXVI Panzer Corps. Montgomery Lands On September 3, Eighth Armys XIII Corps crossed the Straits of Messina and commenced landings at various points in Calabria. Meeting light Italian opposition, Montgomerys men had little trouble coming ashore and began forming to move north. Though they encountered some German resistance, the greatest impediment to their advance came in the form of demolished bridges, mines, and roadblocks. Due to the rugged nature of the terrain which held British forces to the roads, Montgomerys speed became dependent on the rate at which his engineers could clear obstacles. On September 8, the Allies announced that Italy had formally surrendered. In response, the Germans initiated Operation Achse which saw them disarm Italian units and take over defense of key points. In addition, with the Italian capitulation, the Allies commenced Operation Slapstick on April 9 which called for British and US warships to ferry the British 1st Airborne Division into the port of Taranto. Meeting no opposition, they landed and occupied the port. Landing at Salerno On September 9, Clarks forces began moving towards the beaches south of Salerno. Aware of the Allies approach, German forces on the heights behind the beaches prepared for the landings. On the Allied left, the Rangers and Commandos came ashore without incident and quickly secured their objectives in the mountains of the Sorrento Peninsula. To their right, McCreerys corps encountered fierce German resistance and required naval gunfire support to move inland. Fully occupied on their front, the British were unable to press south to link up with the Americans. Meeting intense fire from elements of the 16th Panzer Division, the 36th Infantry Division initially struggled to gain ground until reserve units were landed. As night fell, the British had achieved an advance inland of between five to seven miles while the Americans held the plain to the south of the Sele and gained around five miles in some areas. Though the Allies had come ashore, German commanders were pleased with the initial defense and began shifting units towards the beachhead. The Germans Strike Back Over the next three days, Clark worked to land additional troops and expand the Allied lines. Due to the tenacious German defense, growing the beachhead proved slow which hampered Clarks ability to build up additional forces. As a result, by September 12, X Corps switched to the defensive as insufficient men were available to continue the advance. The next day, Kesselring and von Vietinghoff commenced a counter-offensive against the Allied position. While the Hermann Gà ¶ring Panzer Division struck from the north, the main German attack hit the boundary between the two Allied corps. This assault gained ground until stopped by a last ditch defense by the 36th Infantry Division. That night, the US VI Corps was reinforced by elements of the 82nd Airborne Division which jumped inside the Allied lines. As additional reinforcements arrived, the Clarks men were able to turn back German attacks on September 14 with the aid of naval gunfire (Map). On September 15, having sustained heavy losses and failed to break through the Allied lines, Kesselring put the 16th Panzer Division and 29th Panzergrenadier Division on the defensive. To the north, XIV Panzer Corps continued their attacks but were defeated by Allied forces supported by airpower and naval gunfire. Subsequent efforts met a similar fate the next day. With the battle at Salerno raging, Montgomery was pressed by Alexander to hasten Eighth Armys advance north. Still hampered by poor road conditions, Montgomery dispatched light forces up the coast. On September 16, forward patrols from this detachment made contact with the 36th Infantry Division. With Eighth Armys approach and lacking the forces to continue attacking, von Vietinghoff recommended breaking off the battle and pivoting Tenth Army into a new defensive line spanning the peninsula. Kesselring agreed on September 17 and on the night of the 18/19th, German forces began pulling back from the beachhead. Aftermath During the course of the invasion of Italy, Allied forces sustained 2,009 killed, 7,050 wounded, and 3,501 missing while German casualties numbered around 3,500. Having secured the beachhead, Clark turned north and began attacking towards Naples on September 19. Arriving from Calabria, Montgomerys Eighth Army fell into line on the east side of the Apennine Mountains and pushed up the east coast. On October 1, Allied forces entered Naples as von Vietinghoffs men withdrew into the positions of the Volturno Line. Driving north, the Allies broke through this position and the Germans fought several rearguard actions as they retreated. Pursuing, Alexanders forces ground their way north until encountering the Winter Line in mid-November. Blocked by these defenses, the Allies finally broke through in May 1944 following the Battles of Anzio and Monte Cassino.

James Polk 11th President Facts

James Polk 11th President Facts James K. Polk (1795-1849) served as Americas eleventh president. He was known as the dark horse as he was not expected to beat his opponent, Henry Clay. He served as president during a period of manifest destiny, overseeing the Mexican War and the entry of Texas as a state.   ere is a quick list of fast facts for James Polk. For more in depth information, you can also read the James Polk Biography.   Birth: November 2, 1795 Death: June 15, 1849 Term of Office: March 4, 1845-March 3, 1849 Number of Terms Elected: 1 Term First Lady: Sarah Childress James Polk Quote: No President who performs his duties faithfully and conscientiously can have any leisure.Additional James Polk Quotes Major Events While in Office: Oregon Treaty (1846) Mexican War (1846-1848) States Entering Union While in Office: Texas (1845) Iowa (1846)Wisconsin (1848) Significance:   James K. Polk increased the size of the US more than any other president other that Thomas Jefferson due to the acquisition of New Mexico and California after the   Mexican-American War. He also completed a treaty with England that resulted in the US gaining the  Oregon Territory. He was an  effective chief executive during the  Mexican-American War. Historians consider him to be the best one-term president. Related James Polk Resources: These additional resources on James Polk can provide you with further information about the president and his times. James Polk BiographyTake a more in depth look at the Eleventh president of the United States through this biography. Youll learn about his childhood, family, early career, and the major events of his administration. Chart of Presidents and Vice PresidentsThis informative chart gives quick reference information on the Presidents, Vice-Presidents, their terms of office and their political parties. Other Presidential Fast Facts: John TylerZachary TaylorList of American Presidents

The not so Thankful Thanksgiving Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The not so Thankful Thanksgiving - Essay Example At around 8 P.M the remnants of the turkey were placed in the refrigerator. From the foregoing description of the activities and the subsequent events that transpired, it is obvious that the Gibsons' and their guests had contracted Enteritis. This is an inflammatory disease of the intestine, accompanied usually by abdominal pain or cramps, fever, loss of appetite, nausea, and diarrhoea. (Enteritis). The most common micro-organisms contributing to food borne illnesses associated with turkey are Campylobacter jejuni, Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli), Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella, Shigella and Staphylococcus aureus (Onset, Duration, and Symptoms of Food borne Illness). Considering the time of onset and the lab reports of the Gibsons' it is obvious that the organism involved is Salmonella serotype Enteritidis bacterium. The turkey was left at room temperature for 4 hours from 2:00 PM to 6:00 PM. The salmonella bacteria multiplies rapidly in cooked food which is left at room temperature and the cooked turkey becomes unfit for consumption after two hours if it is left at room temperature. (Turkey handling, storage and safety). Also most of the salmonella enteritidis infections do not require much treatment. So the Gibsons were discharged by the hospital after being treated as out patients and hence they went home without any elaborate treatment. The factors

Violence In Christianity And Islam Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Violence In Christianity And Islam - Thesis Example To a certain extent, one might point out that the religions which emerged on the latter stages of history often provided people with the tools to manage their aggression and refrain from violence. That is why one might suggest that the two notions, namely religion, and violence, are closely connected. Furthermore, the way they interact with each other is able to shed light on the peculiarities of the human nature. That is why it may be particularly significant to carefully examine an, compared how two different religions deal with violence in people. This paper will show that Christianity and Islam condemn violence, but have several provisions which are condition by history that justify it under specific and very concrete circumstances. While considering the moral framework of Christianity, one might think that there is no room for violence in it. Nevertheless, there are certain elements in this teaching which can prove quite the opposite. One of the most notable passages is taken from the Gospel of Matthew: "Do not suppose that I have come to bring peace to the earth. I did not come to bring peace, but a sword" (Matthew 10:34). As one can clearly see, these words clearly indicate that there is a part of teaching of Christ that is not peaceful. However, just like many parts of this book, the passage should be interpreted properly. Of course, it does not mean that a good Christian should follow the example of Christ and live with a sword in hand. The latter is a metaphor which urges people to direct their violence at their sins and fight them without fear (Sullender 16). However, there are some parts of the Christian doctrine that deal with real, not figurative violence.

Common ground Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Common ground - Essay Example Prior to civil war, raw food materials were flooding the market because people prepared food like bread, cheese, vegetable etc. from the raw material, either bought from the local supermarket or home grown. Late nineteenth and early twentieth century saw the advent of processed food which immediately captured the interest of the consumer. Readymade food flooded the market and ‘two minute’ noodle became the craze. Similarly, the paint industry also went under transformation. Technology as well as the innovative approach to painting, became an instant hit with the consumers who loved the new technology. The emerging paint industries bought the smaller ones and grew rapidly, touching great heights in a comparatively short time. The changing consumer requirement became a vital market strategy in the coming years which saw the emergence of new industrial revolution that specialized in creating new market. The fast technological advancement became the hall mark of post civil war period. The corresponding change in the consumer behaviour was one of the most compelling factor in promoting fast industrialization which was highly original in ideas and became proficient in exploiting the market demand that was intentionally created. Hence the common ground of both the article is the changing consumer demand which moved from the traditional household industries to highly indigenous and technologically advanced industries in area of public interest and

The Impact of ICT on Education Sectors

The Impact of ICT on Education Sectors Knowledge, innovation and Information and Communication Technology have had strong on many economic sectors, e.g. the informatics and communication, finance, and transportation sectors. The knowledge-based economy sets a new scene for education and new challenges and promises for the education sector. Education is a requirement of the knowledge-based economy, the production and use of new knowledge both require a more educated population and workforce. Besides that, Information and Communication Technology is a very powerful tool for distributed knowledge and information, a fundamental aspect of the education process. The education sector has so far been characteristic by rather slow progress in terms of innovation development which impact on teaching activities. Educational research and development does not play a strong role as a factor of enabling the direct production of systematic knowledge. The fact, education is not a field that lends itself easily to experimentation, partly because experimental approaches in education are often impossible to describe in precisely enough to be sure that they are really being replicated. There is little classify knowledge in the department of education and only weak developed mechanisms whereby communities of faculty collectively can capture and benefit from the discoveries made by their colleagues. Information and communication technology potentially offer increased possible for codification of knowledge about teaching and for innovation in teaching activities through being able to deliver learning and cognitive activities. There are some real facts in the modern education. First, the Information and communication technology has been developing very rapidly nowadays. Therefore, in order to balance it, the whole educational system should be reformed and Information and communication technology should be integrated into educational activities. Other than that, the influence of Information and communication, especially the internet cannot be ignored in our studentà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s lives. So, the learning activities should be to formulate again, from the manual source centered to the open source ones. In this case the widely use of internet access has been an unavoidable policy that should be anticipated by schools authorities. Besides that, the companionship of games by internet have another serious problem that should be wisely handled by the educational institutions. The students cannot really extinguish from games. They can have and do with it wherever and whenever they want. In some situation, education establishment play an very important role to extinguish these problems. One of which is by facilitating the students to do edutainment or educational games. Schools can let their students be familiar with educational games adjusted by their teachers. Besides, they can also support and facilitate their students to have their own blogs in the internet. A lot of WebBlog providers are free to the users, such as WordPress. In their blogs, the students can create and write something, like an article, poem, news, short stories, features, or they can also express their opinion by an online forum provided in the internet. They are able to share experiences throughout their blogs to others from all over the world. I think it will be an interesting activity for them, and it will lessen their time to visit the negative or porn sites existed. I think our young generation will get more and more information and knowledge by browsing in the internet. So that, they can also create more new things in web design that it may be out of the formal curriculum content, but it will be useful for their future. Advantages of ICT on education sectors The first advantage is up to date and real world technology, to prepares the children for the modern world. Second, can let us more comfortable and reliability to the ICT when we are studying or working as well. Disadvantages of ICT on education sectors The disadvantage is never enough resources like computer for each classroom and you cant expect parents to buy their children a laptop to take to school and some teachers are from the old school and refuse to embrace it in their classrooms. Skills Needed in the Workplace of the Future Digital Age Literacy Functional literacy-Ability to decipher meaning and express ideas in a range of media; this includes the use of images, graphics, video, charts and graphs or visual literacy Scientific literacy-Understanding of both the theoretical and applied aspects of science and mathematics Technological literacy-Competence in the use of information and communication technologies Information literacy-Ability to find, evaluate and make appropriate use of information, including via the use of ICTs Cultural literacy-Appreciation of the diversity of cultures Global awareness-Understanding of how nations, corporations, and communities all over the world are interrelated Inventive Thinking Adaptability-Ability to adapt and manage in a complex, interdependent world Curiosity-Desire to know Creativity-Ability to use imagination to create new things Risk-taking-Ability to take risks Higher-Order Thinking-Creative problem-solving and logical thinking that result in soundjudgments Effective Communication Teaming-Ability to work in a team Collaboration and interpersonal skills-Ability to interact smoothly and work effectively with others Personal and social responsibility -Be accountable for the way they use ICTs and to learn to use ICTs for the public good Interactive communication-Competence in conveying, transmitting, accessing and understanding information High Productivity-Ability to prioritize, plan, and manage programs and projects to achieve the desired results. Ability to apply what they learn in the classroom to real-life contexts to create relevant,high-quality products The uses ICTs help improve the quality of education Information and communication can improving the quality of education and training is a critical issue, particularly at a time of educational expansion. Information and communication also can enhance the quality of education in several ways, first, by the increasing learner motivation and engagement, by facilitating the acquisition of basic skills, and by enhancing teacher training.14 Information and communication are also transformational tools which, when used appropriately. Advancing knowledge and the (knowledge) economy: the promises of e-learning The emergence of information and communication is represents high promises for the tertiary education sector. information and communication ia could indeed play a role on three fundamental aspects of education policy, is very access, quality and cost. information and communication is could possibly advance knowledge by expanding and widening access to education, by improving the quality of education and reducing its cost. All this would build more capacity for the advancement of knowledge economies. This section summarises the main arguments backing the promises. E-learning is a promising tool for the expanding access to tertiary education. Because they relax space and time constraints, ICTs can allow new people to participate in tertiary education by increasing the flexibility of participation compared to the traditional face-to-face model: working students and adults, people living in remote areas (e.g. rural), non-mobile students and even foreign students could now more easily participate in education. Thanks to ICT, learners can indeed study where and/or when they have time to do soà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬rather than where and/or when classes are planned. While traditional correspondence-based distance learning has long played this role, ICT have enhanced traditional distance education enabled the rise of a continuum of practices between fully campus-based education and fully distance education. More specifically, fully online learning can allow large numbers of students to access education. The constraints of the face-to-face learning experience, that is, the size of the rooms and buildings and the students/teacher ratio, represents another form of relaxation of space constraints. ICTs indeed allow a very cheap cost of reproduction and communication of a lesson, via different means like the digital recording and its (ulterior or simultaneous) diffusion on TV, radio or the Internet. The learning process or content can also be codified, and at least some parts be standardised in learning objects, for example a multimedia software, that can in principle be used by millions of learners, either in a synchronous or asynchronous way. Although both forms might induce some loss in terms of teachers-learners interactivity compared to face to face teaching, they can reach a scale of participation that would be unfeasible via face-to-face learning. When the needs are huge, fully online learning can be crucial and possibly the only realistic means to increase and widen rapidly access to tertiary education. Some developing countries have huge cohorts of young people and too small an academic workforce to meet their large unmet demand: given training new teachers would take too much time, notwithstanding resources, e-learning might represent for many potential students and learners the only chance to study (rather than an alternative to full face-to-face learning) (World Bank, 2003). E-learning can also be seen as a promising way for improving the quality of tertiary education and the effectiveness of learning. These promises can be derived from different characteristics of ICTs: the increased flexibility of the learning experience it can give to students; the enhanced access to information resources for more students; the potential to drive innovative and effective ways of learning and/or teaching, including learning tools, easier use of multimedia or simulation tools; finally, the possibility to diffuse these innovations at very low marginal cost among the teachers and learners. Distance E-learning has not only the virtue to be inclusive for students that cannot participate in tertiary education because of time, space or capacity constraints, as it was shown above. It can also in principle offer to students more personalised ways of learning than collective face-to-face learning, even in small groups. Although learning is often personalised to some extent in higher education through the modularity of paths, ICTs allow institutions to give students to choose a wider variety of learning paths than in non-ICT supplemented institutions à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ not the least because of the administrative burden this would represent in large institutions. This means that students can experiment learning paths that best suit them. Moreover, e-learning can potentially allow students to take courses from several institutions, e.g. some campus-based and others fully online. This possible flexibility of individual curricula can be seen as an improvement of the overall stude nt experience, regardless of pedagogical changes. In one word, e-learning could render education more learner-centred compared to the traditional model. CONCLUSION It is clear that ICT capacity will continue to expand at a rapid rate throughout the world. This expansion will be driven primarily for commercial purposes, but it will also provide the opportunity for economically important educational opportunities. Probably no country can afford to ignore this development. However, virtual education requires a very stringent set of conditions for it to work successfully. For these conditions to be met, there is a high cost in terms of investment and training. Most importantly of all, the technological infrastructure must be in place. While the technology underpinning virtual education is developing rapidly, the most valuable developments for poorer countries are not yet commercially available or developed. Virtual education is not the answer to many of the most pressing educational problemsfaced particularly by poorer developing nations. Other strategies, such as open universities, can provide greater access and more cost-effective delivery of education. Governments can do much to encourage the right environment for virtual education.Indeed, governments cannot afford not to expose at least a minimum number of its nationals to the benefits of virtual education. The poorer the country, the more focused itsefforts to support virtual education will need to be. Partnership with more developed countries, collaboration between countries with similar cultures and stages of economic development and well-targeted, small-scale projects will all help develop capacity and skills in virtual education.