Ap Biology - 2177 Words

AP ESSAY ANSWERS: 16-20 1. Information transfer is fundamental to all living organisms. For TWO of the following examples, explain in detail, how the transfer of information is accomplished. A) The genetic material in one eukaryotic cell is copied and distributed to two identical daughter cells. B) A gene in a eukaryotic cell is transcribed and translated to produce a protein. C) The genetic material from one bacterial cell enters another via transformation, transduction or conjugation. 16 total pts possible A) max 8 pts combined (4 pts max each part – Part a is looking for â€Å"copy and distribute†) â€Å"copy†= DNA replication -when DNA is copied- interphase, S phase of cell cycle -recognition of origin site on DNA†¦show more content†¦The human genome illustrates both continuity and change. A) Describe the essential features of TWO of the procedures/techniques below. For each of the procedures/techniques you describe, explain how its application contributes to understanding genetics. -The use of a bacterial plasmid to clone and sequence a human gene -Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) -Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) analysis B) All humans are nearly identical genetically in coding sequences and have many proteins that are identical in structure and function. Nevertheless, each human has a unique DNA fingerprint. Explain this apparent contradiction. 16 points possible A) max 12 pts total (6 pts for each part of the subquestions) Describe= max 3 pts, 1 for each bullet Explain= max 3 pts, 1 for each bullet Describe plasmid cloning: -cut plasmid with restriction enzyme -cut/isolate human sequence with the corresponding restriction enzyme -mix/ anneal/ligate -introduce recombinant plasmid into bacteria -select recombinant bacteria (ex. antibiotic resistance, fluorescence, reporter gene, etc) -bacteria reproduction used to amplify the sequence (PCR) -describe either degradative (Maxam-Gilbert) or dideoxy (Sanger) methodShow MoreRelatedAp Biology Essay647 Words   |  3 PagesAndy Ton Ms. Morrissey AP Biology 9 January 2012 Fish Classification Lab |Fish # |Key # |Fish Name | |1 |1b12b-13b-16a |Atlantic Salmon | |2 |1b-12b-13a-14b |Bullhead Catfish | |3 |1a-2b-6b-8b-10b |Blue Gill | |4 |1a-2a-3b-5b Read MorePre Ap Biology Research Paper2120 Words   |  9 PagesHannah Porter Mr. Condo Pre-AP Bio-1 November 4, 2014 Pre-Ap Biology Research Paper The cell is the basic unit of life and is the smallest, simplest organism that can perform all of life’s functions. The cell was discovered in 1665 by Robert Hooke. The three types of cells are plant cells, animal cells, and prokaryotic cells. These cells share many qualities but are also different in many ways. There are a few organelles that exist in all three types of cells. The first of these isRead MoreCh. 43 Ap Biology807 Words   |  4 PagesAP: CHAPTER 43: IMMUNE SYSTEM 1. List the two lines of nonspecific defense mechanisms with examples of each. †¢ External defense, which includes the skin and mucous membranes in the body. †¢ Internal defense which includes phagocytic cells and antimicrobial proteins. 2. What is meant by specific defense? Defense mechanisms are said to be specific because depending on which one they focus on one specific part of the body or a specific type of pathogen. 3. Give examples of â€Å"barrier defenseRead MoreAP biology 2009 free response1076 Words   |  5 PagesAP ® BIOLOGY 2009 SCORING GUIDELINES (Form B) Question 3 Water is essential to all living things. (a) Discuss THREE properties of water. (b) Explain each of the following in terms of the properties of water. You are not limited to the three properties discussed in part (a): †¢ †¢ †¢ the role of water as a medium for the metabolic processes of cells the ability of water to moderate temperature within living organisms and in organisms’ environments the movement of water from the roots toRead MoreAp Biology Practice Questions2588 Words   |  11 PagesCell Division, Heredity, and Rcolution Practice Questions Cell Division An organism is heterozygous at two gene loci on different chromosomes. Explain how these alleles are transmitted by the process of mitosis to daughter cells. After mitosis the parent cells genome is dividedninto two daughter cells. In most eukaryotes, the nuclear envelope that separates the DNA from the cytoplasm disassembles. The chromosomes align themselves in a line spanning the cell. As the cell elongates, correspondingRead MoreAp Biology Lab Report 41269 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction This study was performed in order to gain more knowledge on mitosis and meiosis. This lab was done by observing mitosis in plant and animal cells, comparing the relative lengths of the stages of mitosis in onion root tip cells, stimulating the stages of meiosis, observing evidence of crossing-over in meiosis using Sordaria fimicola, and estimating the distance of a gene locus from its centromere. Mitosis is the scientific term for nuclear cell division, where the nucleus of the cellRead MoreAp Biology Chapter 20 Notes756 Words   |  4 PagesChapter 20: DNA Technology Biotechnology: Use of living organisms to perform tasks. * Wine cheese * Selective breeding * Antibiotic production * Recombinant DNA Restriction Enzymes * Bacterial enzymes: cut up foreign DNA * Specific: only but at recognition sequences * Palindromic: cut at the same base sequence on each strand, but in the opposite direction * The exposed bases provide â€Å"sticky ends† * H-bond to compliment bases of segments cut with same restrictionRead MoreEssay on Ap Biology Lab 1 Questions622 Words   |  3 PagesAP Biology Lab 1 Ross Lordo Introduction Questions 1. The solute potential would be -2.48. If the concentration inside the cell is .15 M, then would diffusion out of the cell and into the solution of .1 M. This is due to water potential and the tendency for water to move from areas of high water potential to low water potential. 2. The turgor pressure must be equal to the water potential if there is no net diffusion. The cell and environment have reached equilibrium and the movement of waterRead MoreAp Biology Lab 9: Transpiration Essay657 Words   |  3 PagesAdriana Gutierrez AP Biology Lab 9 Analysis 1. For this experiment, what were the independent variable and the dependent variable? What were the constants? The independent variable of this experiment are the environmental factors that you are testing on the rate of transpiration, so our independent variables would be bright light, fan, dark, and misted. The dependent variable is the rate of transportation because this depends on whatever environmental factor the plant is placed. The constantsRead MoreAp Biology Egg Osmosis Lab Essay658 Words   |  3 PagesAP Biology August 23, 2012 Egg Osmosis Lab Definition of osmosis: The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane from high to low concentrations Hypothesis: If I place an egg in vinegar, then the outer layer of the egg is going to become slimy and look like rubber. It will also become larger and bubbles will form on and around the egg. Hypothesis: If I place an egg in corn syrup, then the egg will become small and the outer layer will not look like rubber any longer. Day one: